HFT's contribution to improving market efficiency and liquidity in India is evident. By consistently placing sizable volumes of buy and sell orders, narrowing bid-ask spreads, and guaranteeing more seamless trade execution, high-frequency trading increases liquidity and enhances market efficiency.

The Jane Street saga highlights the urgent and immediate need for SEBI to undertake a transition from a model that relies on reactive enforcement to a modernistic, proactive, and integrated oversight model.