The decision in Dr Sohail Malik reflects judicial recognition that modern workplaces are porous and interconnected, and that rigid organizational boundaries cannot dictate access to redressal. By expanding the jurisdiction of the IC, the Supreme Court has prioritized substantive justice over formalistic limits. Yet, as with many transformative rulings, the limits of adjudication without corresponding legislative or institutional support stand exposed.

The remedial structure of the Act falls short of addressing circumstances where the IC itself fails to perform its duties by not rendering a recommendation.